The common gamma chain (γc) cytokine family comprises interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15 and IL-21, named after the γc subunit (CD132) shared by receptor complexes for these cytokines. Common gamma-chain cytokine signals provide pro-survival cues, inhibit pro-apoptotic signals, upregulate metabolic activities and promote expression of select transcription factors, which determine lineage fate and maturation of lymphocyte subsets.
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The common gamma-chain (γc) is shared by common gamma-chain cytokine family, thus the flollowing lists common γc cytokine family members, cognate receptors and cell sources.
| Ligand | Receptor | Cell sources |
| IL2/IL-2/Interleukin-2 | CD25/IL2RA, CD122 / IL-2RB, CD132 / IL2RG | T cells and DCs |
| IL4/IL-4/Interleukin-4 | IL-4R/CD124, CD132 / IL2RG | T cells, NKT cells, eosinophils and mast cells |
| IL7/IL-7/Interleukin-7 | CD127/IL-7RA, CD132 / IL2RG | stromal cells, epithelial cells and fibroblasts |
| IL-9 | CD129 /IL-9R, CD132 / IL2RG | T cells |
| IL15/IL-15/Interleukin 15 | CD215/IL-15 R alpha, CD122 / IL-2RB, CD132 / IL2RG |
monocytes, DCs and epithelial cells |
| IL21/IL-21 | IL-21R, CD132 / IL2RG | CD4+ T cells and NKT cells |
Members of the common gamma-chain cytokine family play distinct and nonredundant roles in the adaptive immune system, and especially in the development and differentiation of T lymphocytes.
The importance of the common gamma-chain in the immune system is illustrated by the profound phenotype associated with gamma-chain gene deficiency that manifests as T-, NK cell deficiency in humans and as T-, B-, NK cell deficiency in mice. Thus, common gamma-chain expression is a non-redundant requirement for lymphocytes, and especially critical for T cells in both humans and mice.
The following are outlines of "Common Gamma-Chain Cytokine Family Review Page", which briefly introduce each member of common Gamma-chain cytokine family. If you want more details, please click here.
| • Interleukin-2 (IL-2) | • Interleukin-7 (IL-7) |
| • Interleukin-15 (IL-15) | • Interleukin-4 (IL-4) |
| • Interleukin-9 (IL-9) | • Interleukin-21 (IL-21) |
